... (dehydration) and discharging (hydration) behaviors of the material were studied using thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, particle distribution measurements, and scanning electron microscope. The experimental results show that MgSO 4 ⋅ 7 H 2 O can be dehydrated...

... and residence time on hydrogen conversion was measured for furnace set point temperatures of 1023 K and 1073 K . The yield of ZnO aerosol was measured in situ using a scanning differential mobility sizer. The composition and morphology of the solid product were characterized with X-ray diffraction...

...-coating technique. After thermal treatment at 450 ° C fluorine containing Ti O 2 thin films were obtained. The crystallinity of the films was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The X-ray photoemission spectrometry (XPS) was applied to determine valence state of the dopant and bonding element...

... generations in the repeated two-step reactions and the X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis studies on the solid materials indicated that the two-step water splitting was associated with a redox transition between Fe 2 + – Fe 3 + ions in the cubic YSZ lattice. 21 09 2006 30 05 2007 28 12...

... characterization of these films was done by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and electrical characterization was done by current–voltage measurements on soda lime glass substrates by the RTP technique...

... periodically to determine the extent of scaling. Results include scanning electron microscope images of the tube surfaces before and after exposure to the flowing water, x-ray diffraction to determine the crystalline phase content of the observed deposits, and chemical analysis to estimate the mass of calcium...