Recently, we successfully prepared medium density polyethylene (MDPE) nanocomposite with 3wt%, 6wt%, and 9wt% cloisite Na+ and the thermal stability of nanocomposite was investigated using the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TGA in air atmosphere showed significantly improved thermal stability of 3wt%, 6wt%, and 9wt% cloisite Na+ nanocomposite in comparison to pure MDPE. In this paper, the results of TGA of MDPE/cloisite Na+ nanocomposites were predicted by the artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN and adaptive neural fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) models were developed to predict the degradation of MDPE/cloisite Na+ nanocomposite with temperature. The results revealed that there was a good agreement between predicted thermal behavior and actual values. The findings of this study also showed that the artificial neural networks and ANFIS techniques can be applied as a powerful tool.

1.
Messersmith
,
P. B.
, and
Giannelis
,
E. P.
, 1994, “
Synthesis and Characterization of Layered Silicate-Epoxy Nanocomposites
,”
Chem. Mater.
0897-4756,
6
(
10
), pp.
1719
1725
.
2.
Hussain
,
F.
,
Hojjati
,
M.
,
Okamoto
,
M.
, and
Gorga
,
R. E.
, 2006, “
Review Article: Polymer-Matrix Nanocomposites, Processing, Manufacturing, and Application: An Overview
,”
J. Compos. Mater.
0021-9983,
40
(
17
), pp.
1511
1575
.
3.
Luo
,
J. J.
, and
Daniel
,
I. M.
, 2003, “
Characterization and Modeling of Mechanical Behavior of Polymer/Clay Nanocomposites
,”
Compos. Sci. Technol.
0266-3538,
63
(
11
), pp.
1607
1616
.
4.
Boyd
,
S. A.
,
Mortland
,
M. M.
, and
Chiou
,
C. T.
, 1988, “
Sorption Characteristics of Organic Compounds on Hexadecyltrimethyl Ammonium-Smectite
,”
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
0361-5995,
52
, pp.
652
657
.
5.
Cho
,
J. W.
, and
Paul
,
D. R.
, 2001, “
Nylon 6 Nanocomposites by Melt Compounding
,”
Polymer
0032-3861,
42
(
3
), pp.
1083
1094
.
6.
Zanetti
,
M.
, and
Costa
,
L.
, 2004, “
Preparation and Combustion Behaviour of Polymer/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites Based Upon PE and EVA
,”
Polymer
0032-3861,
45
(
13
), pp.
4367
4373
.
7.
Barbosa
,
R.
,
Araújo
,
E. M.
,
Melo
,
T. J. A.
,
Ito
,
E. N.
, and
Hage
,
E.
, Jr.
, 2008, “
Influence of Clay Incorporation on the Physical Properties of Polyethylene/Brazilian Clay Nanocomposites
,”
J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
1533-4880,
8
(
4
), pp.
1937
1941
.
8.
Wang
,
S.
,
Hu
,
Y.
,
Zhongkai
,
Q.
,
Wang
,
Z.
,
Chen
,
Z.
, and
Fan
,
W.
, 2003, “
Preparation and Flammability Properties of Polyethylene/Clay Nanocomposites by Melt Intercalation Method from Na+ Montmorillonite
,”
Mater. Lett.
0167-577X,
57
(
18
), pp.
2675
2678
.
9.
Zilg
,
C.
,
Reichert
,
P.
,
Dietsche
,
F.
,
Engelhardt
,
T.
, and
Mülhaupt
,
R.
, 1998, “
Polymer and Rubber Nanocomposites Based Upon Layered Silicates
” (Nanocomposites auf Schichtsilikatbasis),
J. Kunststoffe
,
88
(
10
), pp.
1812
1820
.
10.
Kornmann
,
X.
, 1999, “
Synthesis and Characterization of Thermoset—Clay Nanocomposites
,” Ph.D. thesis, Lulea Tekniska Universite, Publication Interna.
11.
Zhao
,
C.
,
Qin
,
H.
,
Gong
,
F.
,
Feng
,
M.
,
Zhang
,
S.
, and
Yang
,
M.
, 2005, “
Mechanical, Thermal and Flammability Properties of Polyethylene/Clay Nanocomposites
,”
Polym. Degrad. Stab.
0141-3910,
87
(
1
), pp.
183
189
.
12.
Wang
,
K. H.
,
Choi
,
M. H.
,
Koo
,
C. M.
,
Choi
,
Y. S.
, and
Chung
,
I. J.
, 2001, “
Synthesis and Characterization of Maleated Polyethylene/Clay Nanocomposites
,”
Polymer
0032-3861,
42
(
24
), pp.
9819
9826
.
13.
Xu
,
J.
,
Li
,
R. K. Y.
,
Xu
,
Y.
,
Li
,
L.
, and
Meng
,
Y. Z.
, 2005, “
Preparation of Poly(Propylene Carbonate)/Organo-Vermiculite Nanocomposites via Direct Melt Intercalation
,”
Eur. Polym. J.
0014-3057,
41
(
4
), pp.
881
888
.
14.
Okada
,
A.
,
Kawasumi
,
M.
,
Kurauchi
,
T.
, and
Kamigaito
,
O.
, 1987, “
Synthesis and Characterization of a Nylon 6-Clay Hybrid
,”
Polym Prepr. Am. Chem Soc.
,
28
(
2
), pp.
447
448
.
15.
Chen
,
G.
,
Liu
,
S.
,
Zhang
,
S.
, and
Qi
,
Z.
, 2000, “
Self-Assembly in a Polystyrene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite
,”
Macromol. Rapid Commun.
1022-1336,
21
(
11
), pp.
746
749
.
16.
Manias
,
E.
,
Touny
,
A.
,
Wu
,
L.
,
Strawhecker
,
K.
,
Lu
,
B.
, and
Chung
,
T. C.
, 2001, “
Polypropylene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: Review of the Synthetic Routes and Materials Properties
,”
Chem. Mater.
0897-4756,
13
(
10
), pp.
3516
3523
.
17.
Heinemann
,
J.
,
Reichert
,
P.
,
Thomann
,
R.
, and
Mülhaupt
,
R.
, 1999, “
Polyolefin Nanocomposites Formed by Melt Compounding and Transition Metal Catalyzed Ethene Homo- and Copolymerization in the Presence of Layered Silicates
,”
Macromol. Rapid Commun.
1022-1336,
20
(
8
), pp.
423
430
.
18.
Cai
,
K.
,
Xia
,
J.
,
Li
,
L.
, and
Gui
,
Z.
, 2005, “
Analysis of the Electrical Properties of PZT by a BP Artificial Neural Network
,”
Comput. Mater. Sci.
0927-0256,
34
(
2
), pp.
166
172
.
19.
Guo
,
D.
,
Li
,
L.
,
Nan
,
C.
,
Xia
,
J.
, and
Gui
,
Z.
, 2003, “
Modeling and Analysis of the Electrical Properties of PZT Through Neural Networks
,”
J. Eur. Ceram. Soc.
0955-2219,
23
(
12
), pp.
2177
2181
.
20.
Bhadeshia
,
H. K. D. H.
, 1999, “
Neural Networks in Materials Science
,”
ISIJ Int.
0915-1559,
39
(
10
), pp.
966
979
.
21.
Krose
,
B.
, and
Van Der Smagt
,
P.
, 1996,
An Introduction to Neural Networks
, 8th ed.,
The University of Amsterdam
,
Amsterdam
.
22.
Selvakumar
,
N.
,
Ganesan
,
P.
,
Radha
,
P.
,
Narayanasamy
,
R.
, and
Pandey
,
K. S.
, 2007, “
Modeling the Effect of Particle Size and Iron Content on Forming of Al-Fe Composite Preforms Using Neural Network
,”
Mater. Des.
0264-1275,
28
(
1
), pp.
119
130
.
23.
Ali Nemati
,
Z.
, and
Moetakef
,
P.
, 2007, “
Investigation of Graphite Oxidation Kinetics in MgO-C Composite via Artificial Neural Network Approach
,”
Comput. Mater. Sci.
0927-0256,
39
(
4
), pp.
723
728
.
24.
Hayajneh
,
M.
,
Hassan
,
A. M.
,
Alrashdan
,
A.
, and
Mayyas
,
A. T.
, 2009, “
Prediction of Tribological Behavior of Aluminum-Copper Based Composite Using Artificial Neural Network
,”
J. Alloys Compd.
0925-8388,
470
(
1–2
), pp.
584
588
.
25.
Dashtbayazi
,
M. R.
,
Shokuhfar
,
A.
, and
Simchi
,
A.
, 2007, “
Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Mechanical Alloying Process for Synthesizing of Metal Matrix Nanocomposite Powders
,”
Mater. Sci. Eng., A
0921-5093,
466
(
1–2
), pp.
274
283
.
26.
Corni
,
I.
,
Cannio
,
M.
,
Romagnoli
,
M.
, and
Boccaccini
,
A. R.
, 2009, “
Application of a Neural Network Approach to the Electrophoretic Deposition of Peek-Alumina Composite Coatings
,”
Mater. Res. Bull.
0025-5408,
44
(
7
), pp.
1494
1501
.
27.
Ma
,
J.
,
Zhu
,
S. G.
,
Wu
,
C. X.
, and
Zhang
,
M. L.
, 2009, “
Application of Back-Propagation Neural Network Technique to High-Energy Planetary Ball Milling Process for Synthesizing Nanocomposite WC-MgO Powders
,”
Mater. Des.
0264-1275,
30
(
8
), pp.
2867
2874
.
28.
Neuro Dimensions, 2001, www.nd.comwww.nd.com
29.
Sargolzaei
,
J.
,
Khoshnoodi
,
M.
,
Saghatoleslami
,
N.
, and
Mousavi
,
M.
, 2008, “
Fuzzy Inference System to Modeling of Crossflow Milk Ultrafiltration
,”
Appl. Soft Comput.
1568-4946,
8
(
1
), pp.
456
465
.
30.
Hagan
,
M. T.
,
Demuth
,
H. B.
, and
Beale
,
M. H.
, 1996,
Neural Network Design
,
PWS Publishing Co.
,
Boston, MA
.
31.
Sargolzaei
,
J.
, 2006, “
Modeling and Simulation of Milk Ultrafiltration Process Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems
,” Ph.D. thesis, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran.
32.
Sargolzaei
,
J.
,
Saghatroleslami
,
N.
,
Khoshnoodi
,
M.
, and
Mosavi
,
M.
, 2006, “
Comparative Study of Artificial Neural Nets (ANN) and Statistical Methods for Predicting the Performance of Ultrafiltration Process in the Milk Industry
,”
Iranian J. Chem. Chem. Eng
,
25
(
2
), pp.
67
76
.
33.
Menhaj
,
M. B.
, 1998,
Fundamentals of Neural Networks
,
Professor Hesabi
,
Tehran
.
34.
Sargolzaei
,
J.
, and
Kianifar
,
A.
, 2009, “
Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine Savonius Rotors Using Artificial Neural Networks for Estimation of the Power Ratio and Torque
,”
Simul. Model. Pract. Theory
,
17
(
7
), pp.
1290
1298
.
35.
Bowen
,
W. R.
,
Jones
,
M. G.
, and
Yousef
,
H. N. S.
, 1998, “
Prediction of the Rate of Crossflow Membrane Ultrafiltration of Colloids: A Neural Network Approach
,”
Chem. Eng. Sci.
0009-2509,
53
(
22
), pp.
3793
3802
.
36.
Haurie
,
L.
,
Fernandez
,
A. I.
,
Velasco
,
J. I.
,
Chimenos
,
J. M.
,
Lopez Cuesta
,
J. M.
, and
Espiell
,
F.
, 2007, “
Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of LDPE/EVA Blends Filled With Synthetic Hydromagnesite/Aluminium Hydroxide/Montmorillonite and Magnesium Hydroxide/Aluminium Hydroxide/Montmorillonite Mixtures
,”
Polym. Degrad. Stab.
0141-3910,
92
(
6
), pp.
1082
1087
.
You do not currently have access to this content.