Abstract
In order to further improve the bending performance of the traditional re-entrant (RE) honeycomb, a novel auxetic honeycomb architecture, called RE-L honeycomb, was proposed by adding an additional link-wall structure to the RE cell. The bending behaviors of the novel RE-L honeycomb, including the properties under linear elastic deformation and the bending behaviors under large deformation, were comprehensively investigated by the analytical, numerical, and experimental models. Results show that the proposed RE-L honeycomb significantly improves the bending compliance in the x-direction due to the highly flexible performance of the additional structure, where the bending rigidity and the maximum bending force are only 23% and 29.4% of those of the RE honeycomb, respectively. Besides, the additional structure obviously improves the designability and orthotropic properties of the original auxetic honeycomb. In conclusion, the proposed RE-L shows improved bending performance, which deserves more attention in future research and related applications.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References
1.
Yu
, X.
, Zhou
, J.
, Liang
, H.
, Jiang
, Z.
, and Wu
, L.
, 2018
, “Mechanical Metamaterials Associated With Stiffness, Rigidity and Compressibility: A Brief Review
,” Prog. Mater. Sci.
, 94
, pp. 114
–173
. 2.
Banhart
, J.
, 2001
, “Manufacture, Characterisation and Application of Cellular Metals and Metal Foams
,” Prog. Mater. Sci.
, 46
(6
), pp. 559
–632
. 3.
Qi
, C.
, Jiang
, F.
, and Yang
, S.
, 2021
, “Advanced Honeycomb Designs for Improving Mechanical Properties: A Review
,” Composites, Part B
, 227
, p. 109393
. 4.
Tatlıer
, M. S.
, Öztürk
, M.
, and Baran
, T.
, 2021
, “Linear and Non-Linear In-Plane Behaviour of a Modified Re-Entrant Core Cell
,” Eng. Struct.
, 234
, p. 111984
. 5.
Gibson
, L. J.
, Ashby
, M. F.
, Schajer
, G. S.
, and Robertson
, C. I.
, 1982
, “The Mechanics of Two-Dimensional Cellular Materials
,” Proc. R. Soc. A
, 382
(1782
), pp. 25
–42
.6.
Gibson
, L. J.
, and Ashby
, M. F.
, 1997
, Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties
, Cambridge University Press
, Cambridge, UK
.7.
Lakes
, R.
, 1987
, “Foam Structures With a Negative Poisson's Ratio
,” Science
, 235
(4792
), pp. 1038
–1040
. 8.
Lakes
, R. S.
, 2017
, “Negative-Poisson's-Ratio Materials: Auxetic Solids
,” Annu. Rev. Mater. Res.
, 47
(1
), pp. 63
–81
. 9.
Francisco
, M. B.
, Pereira
, J. L. J.
, Oliver
, G. A.
, Roque Da Silva
, L. R.
, Cunha
, S. S.
, and Gomes
, G. F.
, 2021
, “A Review on the Energy Absorption Response and Structural Applications of Auxetic Structures
,” Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct.
, 29
(27
), pp. 1
–20
.10.
Qi
, C.
, Remennikov
, A.
, Pei
, L.
, Yang
, S.
, Yu
, Z.
, and Ngo
, T. D.
, 2017
, “Impact and Close-in Blast Response of Auxetic Honeycomb-Cored Sandwich Panels: Experimental Tests and Numerical Simulations
,” Compos. Struct.
, 180
, pp. 161
–178
. 11.
Wang
, T.
, Li
, Z.
, Wang
, L.
, and Hulbert
, G. M.
, 2020
, “Crashworthiness Analysis and Collaborative Optimization Design for a Novel Crash-Box With Re-Entrant Auxetic Core
,” Struct. Multidiscipl. Optim.
, 62
(4
), pp. 2167
–2179
. 12.
Scarpa
, F.
, and Tomlin
, P. J.
, 2000
, “On the Transverse Shear Modulus of Negative Poisson's Ratio Honeycomb Structures
,” Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct.
, 23
(8
), pp. 717
–720
. 13.
Tan
, H.
, He
, Z.
, Li
, E.
, Cheng
, A.
, Chen
, T.
, Tan
, X.
, Li
, Q.
, and Xu
, B.
, 2021
, “Crashworthiness Design and Multi-Objective Optimization of a Novel Auxetic Hierarchical Honeycomb Crash Box
,” Struct. Multidiscipl. Optim.
, 64
(4
), pp. 2009
–2024
. 14.
Menon
, H. G.
, Dutta
, S.
, Krishnan
, A.
, Hariprasad
, M. P.
, and Shankar
, B.
, 2022
, “Proposed Auxetic Cluster Designs for Lightweight Structural Beams With Improved Load Bearing Capacity
,” Eng. Struct.
, 260
, p. 114241
. 15.
Prithipaul
, P. K. M.
, Kokkolaras
, M.
, and Pasini
, D.
, 2018
, “Assessment of Structural and Hemodynamic Performance of Vascular Stents Modelled as Periodic Lattices
,” Med. Eng. Phys.
, 57
, pp. 11
–18
. 16.
Masters
, I. G.
, and Evans
, K. E.
, 1996
, “Models for the Elastic Deformation of Honeycombs
,” Compos. Struct.
, 35
(4
), pp. 403
–422
. 17.
Hou
, X.
, Deng
, Z.
, and Zhang
, K.
, 2016
, “Dynamic Crushing Strength Analysis of Auxetic Honeycombs
,” Acta Mech. Solida Sin.
, 29
(5
), pp. 490
–501
. 18.
Bhullar
, S. K.
, Lekesiz
, H.
, Karaca
, A. A.
, Cho
, Y.
, Willerth
, S. M.
, and Jun
, M. B. G.
, 2022
, “Characterizing the Mechanical Performance of a Bare-Metal Stent With an Auxetic Cell Geometry
,” Appl. Sci.
, 12
(2
), p. 910
. 19.
Bubert
, E. A.
, Woods
, B. K. S.
, Lee
, K.
, Kothera
, C. S.
, and Wereley
, N. M.
, 2010
, “Design and Fabrication of a Passive 1D Morphing Aircraft Skin
,” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct.
, 21
(17
), pp. 1699
–1717
. 20.
Heo
, H.
, Ju
, J.
, and Kim
, D.-M.
, 2013
, “Compliant Cellular Structures: Application to a Passive Morphing Airfoil
,” Compos. Struct.
, 106
, pp. 560
–569
. 21.
Mosadegh
, B.
, Polygerinos
, P.
, Keplinger
, C.
, Wennstedt
, S.
, Shepherd
, R. F.
, Gupta
, U.
, Shim
, J.
, Bertoldi
, K.
, Walsh
, C. J.
, and Whitesides
, G. M.
, 2014
, “Pneumatic Networks for Soft Robotics That Actuate Rapidly
,” Adv. Funct. Mater.
, 24
(15
), pp. 2163
–2170
. 22.
Holman
, H.
, Kavarana
, M. N.
, and Rajab
, T. K.
, 2021
, “Smart Materials in Cardiovascular Implants: Shape Memory Alloys and Shape Memory Polymers
,” Artif. Organs
, 45
(5
), pp. 454
–463
. 23.
Pan
, C.
, Han
, Y.
, and Lu
, J.
, 2021
, “Structural Design of Vascular Stents: A Review
,” Micromachines.
, 12
(7
), p. 770
. 24.
Chen
, Y.
, Fu
, M.
, Hu
, H.
, and Xiong
, J.
, 2022
, “Curved Inserts in Auxetic Honeycomb for Property Enhancement and Design Flexibility
,” Compos. Struct.
, 280
, p. 114892
. 25.
Xu
, N.
, Liu
, H.
, An
, M.
, and Wang
, L.
, 2021
, “Novel 2D Star-Shaped Honeycombs With Enhanced Effective Young’s Modulus and Negative Poisson’s Ratio
,” Extreme Mech. Lett.
, 43
, p. 101164
. 26.
Fu
, M.H.
, Chen
, Y.
, and Hu
, L.-L.
, 2017
, “Bilinear Elastic Characteristic of Enhanced Auxetic Honeycombs
,” Compos. Struct.
, 175
, pp. 101
–110
. 27.
Li
, X.
, Wang
, Q.
, Yang
, Z.
, and Lu
, Z.
, 2019
, “Novel Auxetic Structures With Enhanced Mechanical Properties
,” Extreme Mech. Lett.
, 27
, pp. 59
–65
. 28.
Tan
, H. L.
, He
, Z. C.
, Li
, K. X.
, Li
, E.
, Cheng
, A. G.
, and Xu
, B.
, 2019
, “In-Plane Crashworthiness of Re-Entrant Hierarchical Honeycombs With Negative Poisson’s Ratio
,” Compos. Struct.
, 229
, p. 111415
. 29.
Zhang
, X.
, Hao
, H.
, Tian
, R.
, Xue
, Q.
, Guan
, H.
, and Yang
, X.
, 2022
, “Quasi-Static Compression and Dynamic Crushing Behaviors of Novel Hybrid Re-Entrant Auxetic Metamaterials With Enhanced Energy-Absorption
,” Compos. Struct.
, 288
, p. 115399
. 30.
Xu
, M.
, Liu
, D.
, Wang
, P.
, Zhang
, Z.
, Jia
, H.
, Lei
, H.
, and Fang
, D.
, 2020
, “In-Plane Compression Behavior of Hybrid Honeycomb Metastructures: Theoretical and Experimental Studies
,” Aerosp. Sci. Technol.
, 106
, p. 106081
. 31.
Li
, C.
, Shen
, H.
, and Wang
, H.
, 2019
, “Nonlinear Dynamic Response of Sandwich Beams With Functionally Graded Negative Poisson’s Ratio Honeycomb Core
,” Eur. Phys. J. Plus
, 134
(2
).32.
Jin
, X.
, Wang
, Z.
, Ning
, J.
, Xiao
, G.
, Liu
, E.
, and Shu
, X.
, 2016
, “Dynamic Response of Sandwich Structures With Graded Auxetic Honeycomb Cores Under Blast Loading
,” Composites, Part B
, 106
, pp. 206
–217
. 33.
Huang
, J.
, Zhang
, Q.
, Scarpa
, F.
, Liu
, Y.
, and Leng
, J.
, 2016
, “Bending and Benchmark of Zero Poisson’s Ratio Cellular Structures
,” Compos. Struct.
, 152
, pp. 729
–736
. 34.
Jiang
, H.
, Ziegler
, H.
, Zhang
, Z.
, Atre
, S.
, and Chen
, Y.
, 2022
, “Bending Behavior of 3D Printed Mechanically Robust Tubular Lattice Metamaterials
,” Addit. Manuf.
, 50
, p. 102565
. 35.
Gao
, Q.
, Ge
, C.
, Zhuang
, W.
, Wang
, L.
, and Ma
, Z.
, 2019
, “Crashworthiness Analysis of Double-Arrowed Auxetic Structure Under Axial Impact Loading
,” Mater. Des.
, 161
, pp. 22
–34
. 36.
Zhao
, X.
, Gao
, Q.
, Wang
, L.
, Yu
, Q.
, and Ma
, Z. D.
, 2018
, “Dynamic Crushing of Double-Arrowed Auxetic Structure Under Impact Loading
,” Mater. Des.
, 160
, pp. 527
–537
. 37.
Hönig
, A.
, and Stronge
, W. J.
, 2002
, “In-Plane Dynamic Crushing of Honeycomb. Part I: Crush Band Initiation and Wave Trapping
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 44
(8
), pp. 1665
–1696
. 38.
Wang
, T.
, Wang
, L.
, Ma
, Z.
, and Hulbert
, G. M.
, 2018
, “Elastic Analysis of Auxetic Cellular Structure Consisting of Re-Entrant Hexagonal Cells Using a Strain-Based Expansion Homogenization Method
,” Mater. Des.
, 160
, pp. 284
–293
. 39.
Meng
, J.
, Deng
, Z.
, Zhang
, K.
, Xu
, X.
, and Wen
, F.
, 2015
, “Band Gap Analysis of Star-Shaped Honeycombs With Varied Poisson's Ratio
,” Smart Mater. Struct.
, 24
(9
), p. 95011
. 40.
Qiao
, J.
, and Chen
, C. Q.
, 2015
, “Analyses On the In-Plane Impact Resistance of Auxetic Double Arrowhead Honeycombs
,” ASME J. Appl. Mech.
, 82
(5
), p. 051007
. 41.
Chen
, D. H.
, 2011
, “Bending Deformation of Honeycomb Consisting of Regular Hexagonal Cells
,” Compos. Struct.
, 93
(2
), pp. 736
–746
. 42.
Abd El-Sayed
, F.
, Jones
, R.
, and Burgess
, I. W.
, 1979
, “Theoretical Approach to the Deformation of Honeycomb Based Composite-Materials
,” Composites
, 10
(4
), pp. 209
–214
. 43.
Chen
, D. H.
, 2011
, “Equivalent Flexural and Torsional Rigidity of Hexagonal Honeycomb
,” Compos. Struct.
, 93
(7
), pp. 1910
–1917
. 44.
Chen
, D.
, 2011
, “Flexural Rigidity of Honeycomb Consisting of Hexagonal Cells
,” Acta Mech. Sin.
, 27
(5
), pp. 840
–844
. 45.
Azaouzi
, M.
, Makradi
, A.
, and Belouettar
, S.
, 2013
, “Numerical Investigations of the Structural Behavior of a Balloon Expandable Stent Design Using Finite Element Method
,” Comput. Mater. Sci.
, 72
, pp. 54
–61
. 46.
Timoshenko
, S.
, and Woinowsky-Krieger
, S.
, 1959
, Theory of Plates and Shells
, McGraw-Hill Book Company
, New York, Toronto and London
.47.
Ruan
, D.
, Lu
, G.
, Wang
, B.
, and Yu
, T. X.
, 2003
, “In-Plane Dynamic Crushing of Honeycombs—A Finite Element Study
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 28
(2
), pp. 161
–182
. 48.
Zhou
, Y.
, Pan
, Y.
, Gao
, Q.
, and Sun
, B.
, 2023
, “In-Plane Quasi-Static Crushing Behaviors of a Novel Reentrant Combined-Wall Honeycomb
,” ASME J. Appl. Mech.
, 90
(5
), p. 051002
. 49.
Zhou
, Y.
, Pan
, Y.
, Chen
, L.
, Gao
, Q.
, and Sun
, B.
, 2022
, “Mechanical Behaviors of a Novel Auxetic Honeycomb Characterized by Re-Entrant Combined-Wall Hierarchical Substructures
,” Mater. Res. Express
, 9
(11
), p. 115802
. 50.
Alderson
, A.
, and Alderson
, K. L.
, 2007
, “Auxetic Materials
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G J. Aerosp. Eng.
, 221
(4
), pp. 565
–575
. 51.
Evans
, K. E.
, and Alderson
, A.
, 2000
, “Auxetic Materials: Functional Materials and Structures From Lateral Thinking
,” Adv. Mater.
, 12
(9
), pp. 617
–628
. 52.
Alderson
, A.
, Alderson
, K. L.
, Chirima
, G.
, Ravirala
, N.
, and Zied
, K. M.
, 2010
, “The In-Plane Linear Elastic Constants and Out-of-Plane Bending of 3-Coordinated Ligament and Cylinder-Ligament Honeycombs
,” Compos. Sci. Technol.
, 70
(7
), pp. 1034
–1041
. 53.
Huang
, J.
, Zhang
, Q.
, Scarpa
, F.
, Liu
, Y.
, and Leng
, J.
, 2017
, “Shape Memory Polymer-Based Hybrid Honeycomb Structures With Zero Poisson’s Ratio and Variable Stiffness
,” Compos. Struct.
, 179
, pp. 437
–443
. 54.
Lu
, Z.
, Li
, X.
, Yang
, Z.
, and Xie
, F.
, 2016
, “Novel Structure With Negative Poisson’s Ratio and Enhanced Young’s Modulus
,” Compos. Struct.
, 138
, pp. 243
–252
. Copyright © 2023 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
