The low-cycle fatigue damage initiation in Waspaloy under complex cyclic loading (out-of-phase) is studied from experimental and theoretical viewpoints. Special emphasis is put on the transgranular damage development and results are compared to those reproduced in the literature. A physico-phenomenological model based on slip theory is used to predict the damage initiation lives as well as the directional aspect of the damage distribution. In this model, the micro-damage is supposed to initiate and then evolve on the activated crystallographic slip systems. The theoretical results are compared to both the experimental ones concerning the same material (Waspaloy) as well as other experimental results extracted from the literature.

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