This work presents the use of laser induced fluorescence for instantaneous temperature measurements of 200 μm water droplets in a monodisperse stream while traveling downward in a standard stagnant atmosphere. The droplets are doped with small concentrations of a natural fluorescence dye (Pyrene), and with a surfactant substance, cetyldimetylbenzylammoniumchloride (CDBAC) to improve the fluorescence emission and the rate of its two band emission (excimer to monomer) is used to determine the temperature. The temperature distribution along the stream of droplets was determined for three different initial temperatures: 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C at the exit of the nozzle and it is compared very favorably with numerical results.
1.
Hall
, H. H.
, and Mudawar
, I.
, 1995
, “Experimental and Numerical Study of Quenching Complex-Shaped Metallic Alloys With Multiple Overlapping Sprays
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 38
, pp. 1202
–1216
.2.
Sehmbey
, M. S.
, Pais
, M. R.
, and Mahefkey
, T.
, 1995
, “Effect of Spray Cooling With Liquid Nitrogen
,” J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer
, 9
(4
), pp. 757
–765
.3.
Gonzalez
, J. E.
, and Black
, W. Z.
, 1997
, “Study of Droplet Sprays Prior to Impact on a Heated Horizontal Surface
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 119
, pp. 279
–287
.4.
Ranz
, W. E.
, and Marshall
, Jr., W.
, 1952
, “Evaporation From Drops Part II
,” Chem. Eng. Prog.
, 48
, pp. 173
–180
.5.
Van Beeck, J. P. A. J., Giannoulis, D., Zimmer, L., and Riethmuller, M. L., 2001, “Global Rainbow Thermometry For Average Temperature Measurement of Spray Droplets,” Proc. 10th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, 10–13 July.
6.
Richards
, C. D.
, and Richards
, R. F.
, 1998
, “Transient Temperature Measurements in a Convectively Cooled Droplet
,” Exp. Fluids
, 25
, pp. 392
–400
.7.
Sakakibara
, J.
, and Adrian
, R. J.
, 1999
, “Whole Field Measurement of Temperature in Water Using Two-Color Laser Induced Fluorescence
,” Exp. Fluids
, 26
, pp. 7
–15
.8.
Ravel, O., 1999, “Aplication a la Mesure de la Temperature de Gouttes Dans un Ecoulement Diphasique, en Combustion et en Impact Parietal,” Ph.D. thesis, L’ecole Nationale Seperieure de L’aeronautique et de L’space, France.
9.
Murray
, A. M.
, and Melton
, L. A.
, 1985
, “Fluorescence Methods for Determination of Temperature in Fuel Sprays
,” Appl. Opt.
, 24
, pp. 2783
–2787
.10.
Gossage
, H. E.
, and Melton
, L. A.
, 1987
, “Fluorescence Thermometers Using Intermolecular Exciplexes
,” Appl. Opt.
, 26
, pp. 2256
–2259
.11.
Wells
, M.
, and Melton
, L.
, 1990
, “Temperature Measurements of Falling Droplets
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 112
, pp. 1008
–1013
.12.
Hanlon
, T. R.
, and Melton
, L. A.
, 1992
, “Exciplex Fluorescence Thermometry of Falling Hexadecane Droplets
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 114
, pp. 450
–457
.13.
Kadota
, T.
, Miyoshi
, K.
, and Tsue
, M.
, 1993
, “Exciplex Method for Remote Probing of Fuel Droplet Temperature (Effects of Ambient Conditions of Fluorescence)
,” Japan Society of Mechanical Engineering Journal
, 36
, pp. 371
–377
.14.
Yoshizaki, T., Takemura, Y., Hisaeda, T., Nishida, K., and Hiroyasu, H., 1996, “Planar Measurements of the Liquid Phase Temperature in Diesel Sprays Injected into High-Pressure and High Temperature Environments,” International Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting, Dearborn, Michigan, No. 961202, pp. 1–16.
15.
Escobar, S., Gonza´lez, J. E., and Rivera, L., 2001, “Laser Induced Fluorescence Temperature Sensor for In-Flight Droplets,” Journal of Experimental Heat Transfer, 14, pp. 119–134.
16.
Parrado, M., 2000, “Characterization of In-Flight Droplets Generated by Thermal Ink-Jet Print Heads,” M.S. thesis, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagu¨ez.
17.
Kim, H. J., and Kihm, K. D., 2001, “Application of a Two-Color Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) Technique for Temperature Mapping,” Proc. of 2001 ASME Int. Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, New York, 11–16 November, IMECE2001/HTD-24411.
18.
Kim
, H. J.
, Kihm
, K. D.
, and Allen
, J. S.
, 2003
, “Examination of Ratiometric Laser Induced Fluorescence Thermometry for Microscale Spatial Measurement Resolution
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 46
, pp. 3967
–3974
.19.
Lavieilli
, P.
, Lemoine
, F.
, Lavergne
, G.
, Virepinte
, J. F.
, and Lebouche
, M.
, 2000
, “Temperature Measurements on Droplets in Monodisperse Stream Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence
,” Exp. Fluids
, 29
, pp. 429
–437
.20.
Birks, J. B., 1970, Photophysics of Aromatic Molecules, Wiley-Interscience, New York.
21.
Okano
, L. T.
, El Seoud
, O. A.
, and Halstead
, T. K.
, 1997
, “A Proton NMR Study on Aggregation of Cationic Surfactants in Water: Effects of the Structure of the Headgroup
,” Colloid and Interface Science
, 275
(2
), pp. 138
–145
.22.
Takahashi
, F.
, Schmoll
, W.
, and Dressler
, J.
, 1994
, “Characterization of a Velocity-Modulation Atomizer
,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.
, 65
(11
), pp. 3563
–3569
.23.
Lu
, Q. Z.
, and Melton
, L. A.
, 2000
, “Measurement of Transient Temperature Field Within a Falling Droplet
,” AIAA J.
, 38
(1
), pp. 95
–101
.24.
Figliola, R. S., and Beasley, D. E., 2000, Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 159–161.
25.
Johnson, R. W., 1998, The Handbook of Fluid Dynamics, CRC Press, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. C-2–C-3.
26.
Moran, M. J., and Shapiro, H. N., 2000, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA, p. 804.
27.
Mills, A. F., 2001, Mass Transfer, Prentice Hall, Inc., New Jersey, USA, p. 391.
Copyright © 2004
by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
