Lean premixed single-stage combustion is state of the art for low pollution combustion in heavy-duty gas turbines with gaseous fuels. The application of premixed jets in multistage combustion to lower nitric oxide emissions and enhance turn-down ratio is a novel promising approach. At the Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik, Technische Universität München, a large-scale atmospheric combustion test rig has been set up for studying staged combustion. The understanding of lift-off (LO) behavior is crucial for determining the amount of mixing before ignition and for avoiding flames anchoring at the combustor walls. This experiment studies jet LO depending on jet equivalence ratio (0.58–0.82), jet preheat temperature (288–673 K), cross flow temperature (1634–1821 K), and jet momentum ratio (6–210). The differences to existing LO studies are the high cross flow temperature and applying a premixed jet. The LO height of the jet flame is determined by OH* chemiluminescence images, and subsequently, the data is used to analyze the influence of each parameter and to develop a model that predicts the LO height for similar staged combustion systems. A main outcome of this work is that the LO height in a high temperature cross flow cannot be described by one dimensionless number like Damköhler- or Karlovitz-number. Furthermore, the ignition delay time scale τign also misses part of the LO height mechanism. The presented model uses turbulent time scales, the ignition delay, and a chemical time scale based on the laminar flame speed. An analysis of the model reveals flame stabilization mechanisms and explains the importance of different time scale.
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August 2016
Research-Article
A Model for Predicting the Lift-Off Height of Premixed Jets in Vitiated Cross Flow
Michael Kolb,
Michael Kolb
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
e-mail: kolb@td.mw.tum.de
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
e-mail: kolb@td.mw.tum.de
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Denise Ahrens,
Denise Ahrens
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
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Christoph Hirsch,
Christoph Hirsch
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
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Thomas Sattelmayer
Thomas Sattelmayer
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
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Michael Kolb
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
e-mail: kolb@td.mw.tum.de
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
e-mail: kolb@td.mw.tum.de
Denise Ahrens
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Christoph Hirsch
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Thomas Sattelmayer
Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik,
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Technische Universität München,
Garching 85748, Germany
Contributed by the Heat Transfer Committee of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER. Manuscript received December 5, 2015; final manuscript received December 11, 2015; published online March 1, 2016. Editor: David Wisler.
J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. Aug 2016, 138(8): 081901 (9 pages)
Published Online: March 1, 2016
Article history
Received:
December 5, 2015
Revised:
December 11, 2015
Citation
Kolb, M., Ahrens, D., Hirsch, C., and Sattelmayer, T. (March 1, 2016). "A Model for Predicting the Lift-Off Height of Premixed Jets in Vitiated Cross Flow." ASME. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. August 2016; 138(8): 081901. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4032421
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