Humidified Gas Turbine (HGT) cycles are a group of advanced gas turbine cycles that use water-air mixtures as the working media. In this article, three known HGT configurations are examined in the context of short-term realization for small to midsized power generation: the Steam Injected Gas Turbine, the Full-flow Evaporative Gas Turbine, and the Part-flow Evaporative Gas Turbine. The heat recovery characteristics and performance potential of these three cycles are assessed, with and without intercooling, and a preliminary economic analysis is carried out for the most promising cycles.
Issue Section:
Gas Turbines: Cycle Innovations
1.
Rao, A. D., and Joiner, J. R., 1990, “A Technical and Economic Evaluation of the Humid Air Turbine Cycle,” Proc. 7th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, September 10–14.
2.
A˚gren, N. D., 2000, “Advanced Gas Turbine Cycles With Water-Air Mixtures as Working Fluid,” Ph.D. thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Dept of Chemical Engineering/Energy Processes, Stockholm, Sweden, ISSN 1104-3266 ISRN KTH/KET/R—120—SE.
3.
Lindquist, T., 2002, “Evaluation, Experience and Potential of Gas Turbine Based Cycles With Humidification,” Ph.D. Thesis, Lund University, Dept. of Heat and Power Engineering, Lund, Sweden, ISBN 91-628-5330-9.
4.
Rydstrand, M., Westermark, M., and Bartlett, M., 2002, “An Analysis of the Efficiency and Economy of Humidified Gas Turbines in District Heating Applications,” Proc. ECOS 2002, Vol. II, pp. 695–703.
5.
Poggio, A., and Strasser, A., 1996, “CHENG Cycle Cogeneration System Application and Experience of Exhaust Gas Condensing,” Proc. POWERGEN ’96, June 26–28, Budapest.
6.
Nilsson, P. A., ed., 1996, “EvGT—evaporative Gas Turbine—Block 3,” Technical report, Lund Institute of Technology, Dept. of Heat and Power Technology, Lund, Sweden.
7.
Kellerer A., and Spangenberg C., 1998, “Operating Experience With a Cheng-Cycle Unit,” VGB PowerTech, November 1998, pp. 16–22.
8.
Larson
, E. D.
, and Williams
, R. H.
, 1987
, “Steam-Injected Gas Turbines
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
, 109
, pp. 55
–63
.9.
Tuzson
, J.
, 1992
, “Status of Steam-Injected Gas Turbines
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
, 114
, pp. 682
–686
.10.
Cheng, D. Y., 1978, “Regenerative Compound Dual-Fluid Heat Engine,” US Patent No. 4,128,994.
11.
Macchi, E., and Poggio A., 1994, “Cogeneration Plant Based on Steam Injection Gas Turbine With Recovery of Water Injected: Design Criteria and Initial Operating Experience,” ASME Paper No. 94-GT-17.
12.
dePaepe
, M.
, and Dick
, E.
, 1999
, “Water Recovery in Steam-Injected Gas Turbines: A Technological and Economical Analysis
,” European J. Mech. Environ. Eng.
, 44
, pp. 195
–204
.13.
Gasparovic
, N.
, and Stapersma
, D.
, 1973
, “Gas Turbine With Heat Exchanger and Water Injection in the Compressed Air
,” Combustion
, 45
, pp. 6
–16
.14.
Mori, T. R., Nakamura, H., Takahashi, T., and Yamamoto, K., 1983, “A Highly Efficient Regenerative Gas Turbine System by New Method of Heat Recovery With Water Injection,” Proc. 1983 Tokyo International Gas Turbine Congress, Vol. 1, pp. 297–303.
15.
Frutschi, H. U., and Plancherel, A., 1988, “Comparison of Combined Cycle With Steam Injection and Evaporation Cycles,” Proc. 2nd Sym. on Turbomachinery, Combined-Cycle Technologies and Cogeneration, IGTI, Vol. 3, pp. 137–145.
16.
Nakamura, H., Takahashi, T., Narazaki, N., Yamamoto, F., and Sayama, N., 1981, “Regenerative Gas Turbine Cycle With Water Addition and Method of Operation Therefore,” U.S. Patent No. 0,053,045 B1.
17.
Day, W. H., and Rao, A. D., 1992, “FT4000 HAT With Natural Gas Fuel,” ASME COGEN-TURBO, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, International Gas Turbine Institute, Vol. 7, pp. 239–245.
18.
Rao, A. D., 1989, “Process for Producing Power,” U.S. Patent No. 4,829,763.
19.
Chiesa
, P.
, Lozza
, G.
, Macchi
, E.
, and Consonni
, S.
, 1995
, “An Assessment of the Thermodynamic Performance of Mixed Gas-Steam Cycles: Part B—Water-Injected and HAT Cycles
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
, 117
, pp. 499
–508
.20.
Eidensten, L., Svedberg, G., Yan, J., and A˚gren, N., 1994, “New Heat and Power Production Processes (Nya el- och va¨rme-produktionsprocesser),” Technical Report (in Swedish), Royal Institute of Technology, ISSN-1104-3466/TRITA-KET R19.
21.
Stecco, S. S., Desideri, U., Frachini, B., and Bettagli, N., 1993, “The Humid Air Cycle: Some Thermodynamical Considerations,” ASME Paper No. 93-GT-77.
22.
Rose´n, P., 1993, “Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycles—A Thermodynamic Evaluation of Their Potential,” Licentiate Thesis, Department of Heat and Power Technology, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund, Sweden, ISRN LUTMDN/TMVK-7010-SE.
23.
Yan, J., Eidensten, L., and Svedberg, G., 1995, “Investigation of the Heat Recovery System in Externally Fired Evaporative Gas Turbines,” ASME Paper No. 95-GT-72.
24.
A˚gren, N. D., Westermark, M. O., Bartlett, M. A., and Lindquist, T., 2000, “First Experiments on an Evaporative Gas Turbine Pilot Plant—Water Circuit Chemistry and Humidification Evaluation,” ASME Paper No. 2000-GT-168.
25.
Bartlett, M., and Westermark, M., 2001, “Experimental Evaluation of Air Filters and Metal Ion Migration in Evaporative Gas Turbines,” ASME Paper No. JPGC2001/PWR-19119.
26.
Dalili, F., and Westermark, M., 2002, “Experimental Study on a Packed Bed Humidifier in an Evaporative Gas Turbine,” ASME Paper No. IJPGC2002-26106.
27.
Thern, M., Lindquist, T., and Torrison, T., 2003, “Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation of s Plate Heat Exchanger Aftercooler in an Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycle,” ASME Paper No. GT2003-38099.
28.
Jonsson, M., and Yan, J., 2003, “Economic Assessment of Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycles With Optimized Part Flow Humidification,” ASME Paper No. GT2003-38009.
29.
Bartlett, M. A., Wikman, K., Holmgren, K., and Westermark, M., 2002, “Effective Waste Utilisation in Hybrid Cycles for CHP Applications—A Cycle and System Study,” Proc. ECOS 2002, Vol. II, pp. 804–813.
30.
Simmonsson, N., Anheden, M., Eidensten L., and Tollin, J., 2002, “Evaporative Gas Turbines—Humidified Air Gives Flexible Power for the Future,” Proc. POWERGEN 2002, Milan, Italy.
31.
Westermark, M., 1996, “Method and Device for Generation of Mechanical Work and, if Desired, Heat in an Evaporative Gas Turbine Process,” International Patent Application No. PCT/SE96/00936.
32.
Utriainen, E., 2001, “Investigation of Some Heat Transfer Surfaces for Gas Turbine Recuperators,” Ph.D. thesis, Lund University, Dept. of Heat and Power Engineering, Lund, Sweden. ISBN 91-7874-118-1.
33.
Mickley
, H. S.
, 1949
, “Design of Forced Draught Air Conditioning Equipment
,” Chem. Eng. Prog.
, 45
, p. 739ff
739ff
.34.
Coulson, J. M., and Richardson, J. F., 1996, An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Design, Vol. 6 of Chemical Engineering, Butterworth-Heinemann.
35.
Dalili, F., Andren, M., Yan, J., and Westermark, W., 2001, “The Impact of Thermodynamic Properties of Air-Water Vapor Mixtures on Design of Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycles,” ASME Paper No. 2001-GT-098.
36.
Bartlett
, M. A.
, and Westermark
, M. O.
, 2004
, “A Study of Humidified Gas Turbines for Short-Term Realization in Midsized Power Generation—Part II: Intercooled Cycle Analysis and Final Economic Evaluation
,” J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
, 127
, pp. 100
–108
.Copyright © 2004
by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.