... of the pressure heads. This is because it acts in the dynamic equation as a source/sink term. To ensure the required smoothing of the pressure wave the diffusive term was included into the dynamic equation. unsteady pipe flow pressure wave attenuation unsteady friction convolution impulse response...

... of constant acceleration, a , and the following stage of constant cross-sectional mean velocity, u m , st . transition to turbulence turbulent slug constant acceleration flow unsteady pipe flow transient flow flow measurement laminar to turbulent transitions multiphase...