...Jie Xiao; Bohdan Kulakowski In this paper, hybrid parameter estimation technique is developed to improve computational efficiency and accuracy of pure GA-based estimation. The proposed strategy integrates a GA and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation. Choices of input signals and estimation criterion...

... on the initial parameters is available, the information form Kalman filter may be advantageous. • Initialization by maximum-likelihood estimation: The above Kalman filter algorithms are formulated because the maximum likelihood algorithm has failed to capture the nonstationary friction in our experiments...