... responses to curvature mediated flow. We show that flow patterns induced by parent vessel curvature produce changes in wall shear stress (WSS) and wall shear stress gradients (WSSG) that are correlated with differences in cell morphology and cellular protein localization. Cells in higher WSS regions align...

...Hamed Avari; Kem A. Rogers; Eric Savory Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally. Arterial endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction plays a key role in many of these CVDs, such as atherosclerosis. Blood flow-induced wall shear stress (WSS), among many other...

...Sascha Gross-Hardt; Fiete Boehning; Ulrich Steinseifer; Thomas Schmitz-Rode; Tim A. S. Kaufmann The reduction of excessive, nonphysiologic shear stresses leading to blood trauma can be the key to overcome many of the associated complications in blood recirculating devices. In that regard...

... blood flow velocity and fluid wall shear stress, but also changed shear stress patterns. The presence of the plaque significantly reduced vascular wall tensile strain. Compared to the coronary artery models developed previously, the current model had improved physiological relevance. The three...

... in these arrays at selected Reynolds numbers (Re) were simulated with CFD modeling. Hemolysis is not significant in the fiber bundles but the platelet activation may be essential. For each type of array, the average wall shear stress is linearly proportional to the Re. For the same Re but different arrays...

...Jennifer K. W. Chesnutt; Hai-Chao Han Tortuous blood vessels are often seen in humans in association with thrombosis, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and aging. Vessel tortuosity can cause high fluid shear stress, likely promoting thrombosis. However, the underlying physical mechanisms...

... , M. , Daniele , C. , D’Avenio , G. , and Barbaro , V. A. , 1999 , “ Discussion on the Threshold Limit for Hemolysis Related to Reynolds Shear Stress ,” J. Biomech. 0021-9290 , 32 , pp. 1107 – 1112 . 10.1016/S0021-9290(99)00063-9 Burgreen , G. W. , Antaki , J. F...

...Saravan Kumar Shanmugavelayudam; David A. Rubenstein; Wei Yin Shear stress plays a pivotal role in pathogenesis of coronary heart disease. The spatial and temporal variation in hemodynamics of blood flow, especially shear stress, is dominated by the vessel geometry. The goal of the present study...

... and FGF-2 in 3D culture. In conclusion, gene expression is different between 2D and 3D osteoblast cultures under static conditions. Additionally, osteoblasts respond to shear stress differently in 2D and 3D cultures. Our results highlight the importance of 3D mechanotransduction studies for bone tissue...

... hallux valgus (HaV) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Due to the absence of commercial devices capable of measuring shear stress distribution, a number of linear models were developed. All of these have met with limited success. This study used nonlinear methods, specifically neural network...

... the cardiac cycle, as also observed by Valencia et al. ( 24 ). Although the overall flow patterns calculated using each constitutive model are qualitatively similar, there are differences in the wall shear stress. The WSS at the aneurysm fundus varies in time and lags the inlet velocity waveform, as shown...

...Philippe Sucosky; Muralidhar Padala; Adnan Elhammali; Kartik Balachandran; Hanjoong Jo; Ajit P. Yoganathan Mechanical forces are known to affect the biomechanical properties of native and engineered cardiovascular tissue. In particular, shear stress that results from the relative motion of heart...

...Heather A. Himburg; Morton H. Friedman Background . Temporal variations in shear stress have been suggested to affect endothelial cell biology. To better quantify the range of dynamic shear forces that occur in vivo, the frequency content of shear variations that occur naturally over a cardiac...

... shear stress. Results. The results indicate that higher shears promote a more atheroprotective expression phenotype in porcine arterial endothelium. Conclusion. Statistical hemodynamics provides a realistic estimate of the hemodynamic stress on vascular tissue that can be correlated against biological...

...Shigeru Tada; Ken Okazaki This study demonstrates that aequorin, a luminescent natural dye, is useful for vascular cell intracellular C a 2 + concentration ( [ C a 2 + ] i ) determination. A new single-photon counting technique was developed to resolve the effects of fluid flow shear stress on [ C...

... and wall shear stress in the aneurysm are hypothesized to be correlated with its continuous expansion and eventual rupture. In addition, the assessment of the velocity field in the aneurysm dome and neck is important for the correct placement of endovascular coils. This paper describes the flow dynamics...

...Yan Zeng; Thong-See Lee; Peng Yu; Partha Roy; Hong-Tong Low Microchannel bioreactors have been used in many studies to manipulate and investigate the fluid microenvironment around cells. In this study, substrate concentrations and shear stresses at the base were computed from a three-dimensional...

...Jordan Leyton-Mange; Sung Yang; Meghan H. Hoskins; Robert F. Kunz; Jeffrey D. Zahn; Cheng Dong Experimental models that mimic the flow conditions in microcapillaries have suggested that the local shear stresses and shear rates can mediate tumor cell and leukocyte arrest on the endothelium...

... an intensity gradient method, we demonstrated that SMC aligned in the direction perpendicular to applied shear stress, which contrasts with parallel alignment of endothelial cells under flow. SMC alignment varied with the magnitude of and exposure time to shear stress and is a continuous process...