Heart attack and stroke are often caused by atherosclerotic plaque rupture, which happens without warning most of the time. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based atherosclerotic plaque models with fluid-structure interactions (FSIs) have been introduced to perform flow and stress/strain analysis and identify possible mechanical and morphological indices for accurate plaque vulnerability assessment. For coronary arteries, cyclic bending associated with heart motion and anisotropy of the vessel walls may have significant influence on flow and stress/strain distributions in the plaque. FSI models with cyclic bending and anisotropic vessel properties for coronary plaques are lacking in the current literature. In this paper, cyclic bending and anisotropic vessel properties were added to 3D FSI coronary plaque models so that the models would be more realistic for more accurate computational flow and stress/strain predictions. Six computational models using one ex vivo MRI human coronary plaque specimen data were constructed to assess the effects of cyclic bending, anisotropic vessel properties, pulsating pressure, plaque structure, and axial stretch on plaque stress/strain distributions. Our results indicate that cyclic bending and anisotropic properties may cause 50–800% increase in maximum principal stress values at selected locations. The stress increase varies with location and is higher when bending is coupled with axial stretch, nonsmooth plaque structure, and resonant pressure conditions (zero phase angle shift). Effects of cyclic bending on flow behaviors are more modest (9.8% decrease in maximum velocity, 2.5% decrease in flow rate, 15% increase in maximum flow shear stress). Inclusion of cyclic bending, anisotropic vessel material properties, accurate plaque structure, and axial stretch in computational FSI models should lead to a considerable improvement of accuracy of computational stress/strain predictions for coronary plaque vulnerability assessment. Further studies incorporating additional mechanical property data and in vivo MRI data are needed to obtain more complete and accurate knowledge about flow and stress/strain behaviors in coronary plaques and to identify critical indicators for better plaque assessment and possible rupture predictions.
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e-mail: dtang@wpi.edu
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June 2009
Research Papers
3D MRI-Based Anisotropic FSI Models With Cyclic Bending for Human Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Mechanical Analysis
Dalin Tang,
Dalin Tang
Department of Mathematical Sciences,
e-mail: dtang@wpi.edu
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609
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Chun Yang,
Chun Yang
Department of Mathematical Sciences,
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609; School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University
, Beijing, China
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Shunichi Kobayashi,
Shunichi Kobayashi
Division of Creative Engineering,
Shinshu University
, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
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Jie Zheng,
Jie Zheng
Mallinkcrodt Institute of Radiology,
Washington University
, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Pamela K. Woodard,
Pamela K. Woodard
Mallinkcrodt Institute of Radiology,
Washington University
, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Zhongzhao Teng,
Zhongzhao Teng
Department of Mathematical Sciences,
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609
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Kristen Billiar,
Kristen Billiar
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609
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Richard Bach,
Richard Bach
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Washington University
, St. Louis, MO 63110
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David N. Ku
David N. Ku
School of Mechanical Engineering,
Georgia Institute of Technology
, Atlanta, GA, 30332
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Dalin Tang
Department of Mathematical Sciences,
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609e-mail: dtang@wpi.edu
Chun Yang
Department of Mathematical Sciences,
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609; School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University
, Beijing, China
Shunichi Kobayashi
Division of Creative Engineering,
Shinshu University
, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
Jie Zheng
Mallinkcrodt Institute of Radiology,
Washington University
, St. Louis, MO 63110
Pamela K. Woodard
Mallinkcrodt Institute of Radiology,
Washington University
, St. Louis, MO 63110
Zhongzhao Teng
Department of Mathematical Sciences,
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609
Kristen Billiar
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
, Worcester, MA 01609
Richard Bach
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Washington University
, St. Louis, MO 63110
David N. Ku
School of Mechanical Engineering,
Georgia Institute of Technology
, Atlanta, GA, 30332J Biomech Eng. Jun 2009, 131(6): 061010 (11 pages)
Published Online: May 5, 2009
Article history
Received:
August 23, 2008
Revised:
January 21, 2009
Published:
May 5, 2009
Citation
Tang, D., Yang, C., Kobayashi, S., Zheng, J., Woodard, P. K., Teng, Z., Billiar, K., Bach, R., and Ku, D. N. (May 5, 2009). "3D MRI-Based Anisotropic FSI Models With Cyclic Bending for Human Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Mechanical Analysis." ASME. J Biomech Eng. June 2009; 131(6): 061010. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3127253
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